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Games for four
Card games that work with four players.
- Mau-Mau Match suit or rank, dodge the sevens and be the first to shout "Mau-Mau!"
- Crazy Eights Match suit or rank, play an 8 to change the suit – and make the others pay for every card they're stuck with.
- Kings in the Corner Solitaire for the whole table – build down in alternating colours, put Kings in the corners and empty your hand first.
- Mao The only rule we can tell you is this one – the rest you'll learn one penalty card at a time.
- Rolling Stone Follow suit or pick up the whole trick – the first to empty their hand wins, but hands can swell fast.
- Cambio Remember your hidden cards, swap away the high ones and call "Cambio!" when you think your total is lowest.
- Golf Six hidden cards, nine holes – pair up your columns and play the lowest round of the day.
- Casino Capture cards by pairing and adding, build clever combinations and snatch the Big Casino before your opponent does.
- Zwicker Schleswig-Holstein's wild casino cousin – capture by addition and subtraction, tame high-value jokers, and sweep the table for a zwick.
- Bauernschnapsen Schnapsen for four – call trumps after three cards, then outbid everyone with a Bettler, a Gang or a daring Kontra-Schnapser.
- President Beat the last play with higher cards, shed your hand first and rise from Beggar to President – and claim the Beggar's best cards next round.
- Palace Play equal or higher, burn the pile with a 10 and flip your blind cards at the end – and make sure you're not the Palace's last guest.
- Tiến lên Vietnam's favourite card game – beat every play with something higher, and chop the mighty 2s with a bomb.
- Dou Dizhu (Fight the Landlord) One landlord against two peasants – bid for the three hidden cards, blast your way out with bombs and rockets and play out first.
- Swoop Play equal or lower, swoop the pile away with four of a kind, a 10 or a joker – and empty your hand before the penalty points pile up.
- Guandan Two decks, four jokers and a wild Heart – team up, climb the levels from 2 to Ace and smash your bombs on the table.
- Bura Lead up to three cards at once, keep count in your head and stop the game the moment you reach 31 – a fast Russian gambling game.
- Schwimmen (31) Swap with the middle, collect 31 in one suit and knock at the right moment – lose your last life and you have to swim.
- Cheat Play face down, claim whatever you like and keep a straight face – but if someone calls "Cheat!" and you lied, the pile is yours.
- Durak Russia's favourite card game – attack, fight off, throw in more cards, and whatever you do, don't be the last one holding cards.
- Schafkopf Call an Ace to find a secret partner, or take on all three alone with a Solo – the heart of every Bavarian inn.
- Sheepshead Wisconsin's tavern game – pick up the blind, call an Ace for a secret partner and take 61 of the 120 points.
- Bavarian Tarock Bavaria's three-player pub classic – bid for the contract, take the pot, and capture 61 of 120 points under strict trick rules.
- Brandeln The historic Austrian pub game played by Mozart – bid exact tricks, unleash high Jacks and Sevens, and risk all on Bettel or Mord.
- Doppelkopf Germany's favourite four-player game – two against two, but nobody knows who is on which side until the Queens of Clubs show up.
- Skat Germany's national card game – bid for the right to play alone against the other two and bring home 61 points.
- Rummy (Rommé) Germany's family-table rummy – collect sets and runs, open with 40 points and be the first to get rid of every card.
- Bridge The king of partnership games – bid what you and your partner can make, then bring it home with half your cards on the table.
- Cribbage Count to fifteen, peg your way round the board and race your opponent to 121 – with an extra hand, the crib, for the dealer.
- Big Two Play singles, pairs and poker hands, beat every play with something higher and go out first – where the humble 2 rules.
- Oh Hell! Say exactly how many tricks you'll take – no more, no fewer – and watch everyone else's plans go to hell.
- Orbit untested Win together or fail together – everyone has a tricky task, and nobody may say a word about their cards.
- Regicide Storm the castle together and defeat twelve corrupted Jacks, Queens and Kings – with nothing but a deck of cards and each suit's power.
- Nova untested Launch a firework show together – you can see everybody's cards except your own.
- Unisono untested Play all your cards in perfect order – without a single word, just by feeling the rhythm of the table.
- Paternoster Two piles go up, two go down, and the whole team must squeeze all 104 cards onto them – without ever saying what you hold.
- Pokerface untested Hold'em without betting and without opponents – guess where your hand ranks at the table and line up the whole team without a word.
- Paternoster Duel untested Red against black – each of you builds one pile up and one down, and slips the odd card onto the other's piles. Whoever gets stuck first loses.
- Watten From Tyrol and Bavaria – five cards, three tricks, trumps named by two players and plenty of bluffing to push the stakes up.
- Jass (Schieber) Switzerland's national game – choose trumps or shove the choice to your partner, then meld, take tricks and count your way to 2500.
- Differenzler Swiss Jass for sharp minds – predict how many points you'll take, then hit your number exactly.
- Sueca From Portugal's cafés – a silent partnership game where the 7 ranks just below the Ace and 61 of 120 points win.
- Coinche (Belote contrée) Belote with an auction – bid how many points your team will make, and dare the opponents with a "coinche".
- Belote France's national card game – take trumps, declare your sequences, say "belote, rebelote" and reach 1000 with your partner.
- Tute Spain's partnership game of marriages – overtake whenever you can, then sing your "forty" with the King and Queen of trumps.
- Mus The Basque bluffing game – four cards, four contests, secret signals to your partner and one word that stakes everything: órdago!
- Truco Argentina's loud and lively bluffing game – three cards, three tricks, and a partner winking at you across the table as you shout "Truco!"
- Spades Spades are always trumps – bid your tricks with your partner, make them, and don't collect too many bags.
- Hearts Pass your dangerous cards on, dodge every heart and the Queen of Spades – or grab them all and shoot the moon.
- Knockout Whist Seven cards, then six, then five – take at least one trick each hand or you're knocked out.
- Black Maria Hearts with teeth – dodge the Queen of Spades, and watch out for her King and Ace too.
- Whist The quiet classic of English card tables – no bidding, just you, your partner and thirteen tricks to fight for.
- Bid Whist Bid uptown or downtown, take the kitty and let the jokers rule – the partnership game at the heart of African-American card tables.
- Solo Whist Team up for one hand with prop and cop, or go it alone – for five tricks, nine, all thirteen or none at all.
- Barbu Seven games in one – take turns choosing the contract that suits your hand, and double the players you think you can beat.
- Sheng Ji (Tractor) Two decks, four jokers, a trump suit that changes every hand – and pairs that roll across the table like tractors.
- Tarneeb The Levant's card-table staple – outbid the others, pick trumps and bring home at least as many tricks as you promised.
- Hokm The Persian game of command – the Hakem picks trumps after five cards, and the first team to seven tricks takes the hand.
- Baloot Saudi Arabia's Belote – bid Hokum with trumps or Sun without, declare your projects and double the stakes all the way to Gahwa.
- Trix Five games in one – dodge the King of Hearts, the Queens, the diamonds and the tricks, then be first to empty your hand in Trix.
- Batak Win the auction, name trumps and make your bid in Turkey's great trick game – and don't be left without a single trick.
- Rook America's bird-card classic on a normal deck – bid for the nest, name trumps and hunt the 5s, 10s, Aces and the Rook with your partner.
- 400 (Four Hundred) The Levant's favourite partnership game – hearts are always trumps, every player bids alone, and your partner must stay in the plus for you to win.
- Pinochle America's partnership heavyweight – bid for trumps, swap cards with your partner, then meld marriages and pinochles.
- Thousand (1000) Eastern Europe's cut-throat game for three – bid, take the widow and let your marriages switch trumps mid-hand on the way to 1000.
- Four-Hand Bezique Bezique for two teams – four decks, partners building melds together, and a triple bezique worth 1500 points.
- Binokel Pinochle's Swabian ancestor – win the Dabb, meld families and the Binokel, then fight for every Ace and 10.
- Preference (Preferans) Bid for tricks, take the widow and watch your pool grow while the mountain stays low – Russia's great game for three.
- Ulti Hungary's national game – rob the two spare cards, outbid your friends and win the last trick with the humble 7 of trumps.
- Gaigel Swabia's pub game with a double deck – race your partner to 101, open with a hidden Ace and call "Aus!" at exactly the right moment.
- Briscola No need to follow suit – just collect the Aces and 3s and reach 61 of the 120 points in Italy's liveliest trick game.
- Tressette No trumps, no bidding – just 3s over 2s over Aces, a partner who knocks on the table, and the race to 21.
- Manille Belgium's café classic – the 10 beats the Ace, the dealer picks trumps, and the opponents can double it all.
- Twenty-Eight (28) Kerala's partnership game – Jacks and Nines rule, and the highest bidder hides trumps face down until someone asks to see them.
- Twenty-Nine (29) The big brother of 28 – Jacks and Nines rule, trumps stay secret, and a King–Queen pair can swing the bid by four.
- Court Piece The partnership game of Pakistan and India – take the first seven tricks of a deal and you win a court.
- Euchre Kitchen-table fun from the Midwest – order up trumps, trust your bowers and take three of five tricks, or go it alone for four points.
- Five Hundred (500) Australia's favourite card game – bid for tricks and trumps with your partner, take the kitty and reach 500 with the joker on your side.
- Forty-Fives Ireland's crazy card order – the 5 of trumps beats everything, the Ace of Hearts is always a trump, and red cards rank high, black ones low.
- Nap (Napoleon) Five cards each, one brave bid – and the whole table ganging up to stop you going Nap.
- Toepen The Dutch pub game – only the last trick counts, the 10 ranks highest, and one knock on the table raises the stakes for everyone.
- Agurk The Nordic "cucumber" game – beat the card on the table or give up your lowest, and don't be the one left holding the high card at the end.
- Pedro Bid for trumps, throw away everything else and fight with your partner for the two 5s – each one worth five points.
- All Fours (Seven Up) The 350-year-old ancestor of Pitch and Pedro – beg for a new trump, then fight for High, Low, Jack and Game.
- Setback Bid how many of High, Low, Jack and Game your team can take, pitch the first card to set trumps – and get set back if you fall short.
- Rummy The classic draw-and-discard game – collect sets and runs, lay them down and be the first to empty your hand.
- Continental Fifteen cards, runs only, and no melding along the way – lay down your whole hand in one go and collect from everyone.
- Canasta Uruguay's gift to the world – build seven-card canastas with your partner, freeze the pile, take it at the right moment and reach 5000.
- Hand and Foot Canasta with two hands each – play out your hand, pick up your foot and fill the table with seven-card books over four rounds.
- Samba Canasta with three decks and runs – draw two cards a turn, build seven-card sambas and take your partnership to 10,000.
- Indian Rummy India's 13-card rummy – build a pure sequence, use the cut joker as a wild card and declare before the others can.
- Rummy 500 Every card you lay down scores – dig deep into the discard pile for the one you need, and be first to 500.
- Twenty Down Start at 20, count down one trick at a time – but stay in and take nothing, and it costs you five.
- Contract Rummy Seven deals, seven contracts that get harder every time – and when the discard you need goes by, just shout "May I?"
- Kalooki Open with 40 points, build on everyone's melds and stay under 150 – or lay down all 13 cards at once for a kalookie.
- Tonk Five cards, fast hands – lay down spreads, hit everyone's melds and drop when you think your hand is lowest.
- Burraco Canasta's Italian cousin – meld runs and sets, pick up your pozzetto as a second hand and close with a clean burraco.
- Chinchón Spain's seven-card rummy – match your hand, close before the others and dream of the seven-card run that wins the whole game.
- Panguingue The old gambling rummy of the American West – eight decks, melds that pay chips on the spot, and eleven cards down to win.
- Five-Card Stud The original stud poker – one card hidden, four for all to see, and a bet after every card.
- Texas Hold'em (No Limit) Two secret cards, five shared ones and a pile of chips – bet it all when you dare and make the best five-card hand of seven.
- Five-Card Draw Five secret cards, one chance to swap – the poker everyone learns first, all about nerve and reading your opponents.
- Seven-Card Stud Three cards hidden, four for all to see – five betting rounds in which you read the table card by card.
- Omaha (Pot Limit) Hold'em with four hole cards – use exactly two of them, bet up to the size of the pot, and watch the monster hands collide.
- Chinese Poker Thirteen cards, three poker hands, no betting – sort your cards cleverly and beat every opponent row by row.
- Three-Card Brag Britain's old pub game – three cards, nerves of steel and the option to bet blind at half price.
- Short Deck Hold'em Hold'em without the 2s to 5s – big hands every deal, a flush that beats a full house, and antes that make every pot worth a fight.
- Razz Seven-Card Stud turned upside down – the lowest hand wins, Aces are small and the dream hand is 5-4-3-2-A.
- 2-7 Triple Draw Three chances to swap your way down to the lowest hand – where Aces are high, straights hurt and 7-5-4-3-2 is perfection.
- Badugi Four cards, three draws, and the lowest hand wins – but only cards of four different suits and ranks count.
- Indian Poker Hold your card to your forehead – everyone sees it except you. Read their faces and bet on a card you can't see.
- Teen Patti India's three-card poker – bet blind without even looking, or look and pay double, and call for a show when only two are left.
- Baseball Seven-Card Stud with 3s and 9s wild – a face-up 4 walks you to an extra card, a face-up 3 costs you the pot or you strike out.
- No-Peek Baseball Nobody looks at their cards – flip them one by one until you beat the table, with 3s and 9s wild and a 4 bringing an extra card.
- Follow the Queen Seven-Card Stud where Queens are wild – and so is whatever card follows the last face-up Queen, until the next Queen changes it.
- Anaconda Pass your trash left – three cards, then two, then one – then roll out your hand card by card and split the pot high and low.
- Diablo Five-Card Draw with deuces wild – but whoever opens the betting must win the pot, or pay for the next one.
- Seven Twenty-Seven (7/27) Take cards or stand – one half of the pot goes to the hand closest to 7, the other to the hand closest to 27.
- Chicago (Chicago Poker) Sweden’s favourite pub game – trade cards for the best poker hand, play for the all-important last trick, or boldly call "Chicago!" for the sweep.
- Spit in the Ocean Four cards each and one face-up card for everyone – it's wild, and so is every card of its rank.
- Home Poker Variants (Dealer's Choice) Chicago, Heinz, Mexican Stud, Iron Cross and more – each dealer picks the game, the wilder the better.
- Big Three Bid to take on the other two alone, dig up four hidden cards and empty your hand first – and beware the 3s, the strongest cards in play.
- Pişti Match the top card or slap down a Jack to take the whole pile – and snap up a lone card for a 10-point pişti.
- Scopa Sweep the table clean – capture by matching and adding, and fight for the precious 7♦, the settebello.
- Escoba Spain's adding game – play a card that makes 15 with the table, sweep it clean for an escoba and grab the 7♦.
- Cuarenta Ecuador's loud and cheeky national game – snap a match onto your opponent's card for a caída, sweep the table and race to 40.
- Fan Tan Start each suit with its seven, build out towards Ace and 2, and hold back the cards your neighbours are waiting for.
- Ninety-Nine Add up the pile, call out the total – and don't be the one who can't keep it under 99.
- Boodle Run the suits up in sequence, pocket the chips on the four boodle cards and be first to empty your hand.
- Pig Pass cards round the circle as fast as you can, collect four of a kind – and don't be the last to touch your nose.
- Donkey Pass cards to the beat, sneak a token when you've got four of a kind – and don't be the one left without.
- Spoons Pass cards round the table until someone grabs a spoon – then everyone dives for the rest, and one hand comes up empty.
- War Flip your top card – the higher one takes both, and when two cards match, it's war!
- Beggar-My-Neighbour Turn up an Ace or a face card and your neighbour has to pay – with luck, you'll beggar them of every card.
- Chase the Ace One card each – keep it or swap it with your neighbour, and don't be caught holding the lowest.
- Blackjack (Twenty-One) Get closer to 21 than the dealer without going over – hit, or stand?
- Old Maid Pair up your cards, draw blind from your neighbour – and pray you're not the one left holding the odd Queen.
- Go Fish "Got any sevens?" – ask the others for cards, collect all four of a rank, and when they say "Go fish!", try your luck in the pond.
- Kemps Swap cards from the middle, collect four of a kind and give your partner the secret sign – before the others crack your code.
- Concentration (Memory) All cards face down, two turned up at a time – remember where everything is and collect the most pairs.
- Snap Turn your cards one by one – and when two match, shout "Snap!" faster than anyone else.
- Slapjack Cards go down one by one – when a Jack appears, slap it first and the whole pile is yours.
- Egyptian Ratscrew Beggar-My-Neighbour with a slap – spot a double or a sandwich first and the whole pile is yours.
- Goofspiel (GOPS) Both players hold the same thirteen cards – outguess your opponent and win the diamonds with a bid just one higher.
- Nertz Everyone plays their own patience at once – onto the same foundations. Empty your Nertz pile and shout "Nertz!"
- Busfahrer (Ride the Bus) Red or black, higher or lower – guess right, survive the pyramid, or you're the one who has to drive the bus.
- In-Between (Acey-Deucey) Two cards face up – will the third land in between? Bet as much of the pot as you dare.
- Red Dog (High Card Pool) A card is turned up – do you hold a higher one of the same suit? Bet on it, up to the whole pot.
- Baccarat (Punto Banco) Bet on Player or Banker – whose two or three cards come closest to 9?
- Faro Bet on a rank and let each pair of cards from the box decide – the banking game of the Wild West's saloons.
- Kings Cup A circle of cards around a cup, a rule for every rank – and whoever draws the fourth King faces the cup.
- Horse Race Four Aces, one track, a flip of the deck at a time – back your horse with sips and cheer it over the finish line.
- Beat the Dealer Guess the top card, get a "higher" or "lower", guess again – every hit makes the dealer drink, every miss costs you.
- Irish Snap Count "Ace, two, three …" as you play – when the card matches the word, everyone slaps, and the slowest hand takes the pile.
- Secret Letter untested Sixteen cards, one card in your hand – guess, peek and duel your way to the end of the round, and never let go of the letter.
- Intrigue untested Two hidden cards, a handful of coins and a straight face – claim any role you like, but if someone calls your bluff, it costs you dearly.
- Roses and Thorns untested Three roses and one thorn each – bid how many cards you can turn up without getting pricked, and keep a poker face while others try.
- Liar's Post untested Slide a card across the table, tell everyone what it is – and hope they don't believe you, or that they do.
- Sixth Card untested Everybody plays at once, the cards line up by themselves – and whoever lays the sixth card in a row swallows the other five.
- Take or Pass untested Nobody wants the cards – so you pay a chip to pass them on, until someone decides the pile of chips is worth the pain.
- Wizards and Jesters untested Four Aces that always win, four 2s that always lose – and one more card every round to get your prediction exactly right.
- Dragon and Phoenix untested The four 2s become a Dragon, a Phoenix, a Fox and a Herald – climb, bomb and bet with your partner that you'll be out first.
- Ten Phases untested Ten tasks, one after another – collect sets, runs and suits, wave your wild Kings and make your rivals skip a turn.
- Showdown untested A Wild West shootout with secret roles – protect the Sheriff, or be the outlaw who tries to bring him down.
- On the Scale untested Somewhere between freezing and boiling sits a cup of tea – but where exactly? Read your friend's mind and find the spot.
- Tricks Together untested Everybody names their number of tricks, and the whole team wins only if everybody hits it exactly – without a word about the cards.
- Defuse! untested One of you knows the code, the rest hold the pliers – and the expert may not say a single word.
- Island Escape untested The island is sinking under your feet – grab the four treasures and run for the helicopter.
- Pot Luck untested Everyone brings a card to the pot – land three shared pots on exactly 21 as a team, never on your own card and without a word.
- Euler's Officers untested A 300-year-old card puzzle for a silent team – square the 16 officers so that no row or column repeats a rank or a suit.
- Spot On untested Plus, minus, times or divided by – one card each in turn, until the total lands exactly on a target from 100 to 999. Five times, without a word.
- Balancing Act untested Two pans, one shaky scale and not a word about your cards – add weights in turn and bring the scale to rest with the last card of every round.
- Call Break South Asia's everyday four-hander – spades are always trumps, nobody has a partner, and you must win every trick you can.
- Estimation The Arab world's precision whist – bid for trumps, then predict your tricks exactly, and dare the risk call when the total won't add up.
- Marriage Nepal's festival rummy with three decks and 21 cards – lay down three pure melds to see the hidden joker, then finish with wild cards.
- Hand Rummy A rummy hit from Jordan to the Gulf – open with 51 points, win wild Aces back from the table, or meld all 14 cards at once for a "hand".
- Andar Bahar One card in the middle, two piles growing beside it – bet on inside or outside and watch where its twin turns up.
- Kozel The Seven of Clubs beats everything, Queens and Jacks are always trumps – and the team that loses six times ends up as the goats.
- Seka Three cards, count one suit as in 31, bet until only two are left – and hope the Seven of Clubs is in your hand.
- Blef Is there a full house somewhere among everyone's cards? Bid higher or call the bluff – and every mistake costs you another card.
- Bonjour Monsieur Greet the King, greet the Queen, hail the Ace – one slip and the whole pile is yours. And every round's winner adds a new rule.
- Ellibir (51) Turkey's two-deck rummy – open with 51 points or with five pairs, lay off everywhere and go out to score minus 100.
- Koum Kan Greece's family rummy – ten cards, two decks, jokers you can steal back, and a second life when you go over 100.
- Pinnacola Italy's other two-deck rummy – take any card from the open row of discards, swap out jokers and hunt for the full suit from Ace to Ace.
- Calabresella Tressette for three – one player bids to take on the other two, calls for the card they need and fights for 6 of the 11 points.
- Marafone Beccacino Tressette with trumps from Romagna – name the trump suit, knock for your partner and count to 41 in your head.
- Bestia Three cards, one trump and a growing pot – knock if you can win a trick, and pay the whole pot if you can't.
- Loo (Lanterloo) Stand, pass or take the miss – Jane Austen's gambling game, where one trick saves you and none gets you looed.
- Mouche Five cards, a basket of chips and a poker face – hold five of a suit and you take the lot before a card is played.
- Pife (Pif-Paf, Cacheta) Brazil's quick rummy – nine cards, two decks, and all your sets stay hidden until you slam them down at once.
- Burro Follow suit or dig through the stock until you can – everyone races to empty their hand, and the last one holding cards is the donkey.
- Dummy (Thai Rummy) Thailand's rummy – dig into the discard pile for the head card, guard the 50-point Queen of Spades and 2 of Clubs, and knock to finish.
- Pok Deng Thailand's two-card banking game – show a Pok 8 or 9 at once, take a third card or stand, and hope for a flush that pays double.
- Phỏm (Tá lả) North Vietnam's rummy – snap up your neighbour's discard, meld in four quick rounds and keep your leftover points lower than everyone else's.
- Rikken Name trumps, call an Ace and find out during play who your secret partner is – or take on all three alone.
- King (Kierki, Rentz) Ten deals, ten rules – dodge tricks, hearts, Queens and the King of Hearts, then win your points back with trumps.
- Slobberhannes Don't win the first trick, don't win the last one and never take the Queen of Clubs – a five-minute rule for a whole evening.
- Polignac Keep your hands off the Jacks – above all the Jack of Spades, named after a hated French minister of 1830.
- Wippen A first card game for children from Belgium – match a card from the pot, empty it for a wip and hunt the 10♦ and the spades.
- Paskahousu The popular Finnish beating game – play equal or higher, clear the pile with a 10 or an Ace, save your 2s and don't be the last one holding cards.
- Katko (Last Trick) Four or five cards, no trumps and only one trick that matters – the last one. A quick Finnish game for learning tricks.
- Schnellen Tyrol's count-down game – every trick takes a point off, but play and miss them all and you shoot back up by five.
- Chratze Swiss four-card game for a pot – promise two tricks, or just one, or bow out, and don't be the Susi who lets the pot go without a fight.
- Night Parade untested Sixteen spirits lie face down in a jumble – peek, slide and give silent hints until every family walks together.
- Man the Boats untested The ship is sinking – sort the passengers into orderly queues and get them into the lifeboats before the last compartment floods.
- Royal Rescue Raise armies from your hand, beat Ugly Umbar and his servants with the dice – then crack the dungeon's locks before your last card is gone.
- Side by Side untested A band of friends in a long war – get rid of your cards together, but never let three of the same threat meet in No Man's Land.
- Dungeon Rush untested No turns, no mercy, five minutes on the clock – slap down the right suits together and fight your way through the dungeon to the boss.
- One Up untested Play the same number or one higher – or bail out before your hand costs you dearly. Kings are worth ten, and they come round again.
- Pinch untested Lay your cards out in front of you – and whenever you top another player's cards, you pinch them, straight into your own hand if you like.
- Big Number untested Line up cards of one suit or one rank into the biggest number you can – 9, 7 and 2 make 972 – and take one beaten card back into your hand.
- Unsorted untested You may never sort your hand – so play the cards that happen to sit side by side, and beat the table before your spare cards run out.
- Waterhole untested Eight kinds of animal crowd round the waterhole – three of a kind chase off the next weaker ones, and only the tiny Aces dare to chase the 8s.
- Sore Spot untested No suit to follow, every other suit trumps the lead – and everyone secretly has one suit that hurts.
- Boil Over untested Three pots on the stove, spades as poison in any of them – and whoever makes a pot boil over past 20 has to take it.
- Headcount untested Everyone can see your card except you. Bid on the total of all the cards – and call it when someone bids too high.
- Underdog untested One card each, one chip to fight – and the lowest card in the fight adds the underdog card, so the weakest card can win.
- Chief and Vice untested Bid by laying your cards on the table, name two kinds of trumps and pick your partner – a deep trick-taking game where every hand makes new teams.
- Cursed Bottle untested Low cards buy the cursed bottle and every sale lowers its price – win good tricks, but don't be the one left holding it.
- Secret Trumps untested Only one player knows the trumps while everyone picks their hand from open rows – then fulfil your secret goals, one per round.
- Jewel Vault untested Every trick you win and every suit you can't follow moves a jewel – into your vault, into your showroom, or out of someone else's.
- Flock Together untested Lay your cards at the end of a row, catch everything between two of a kind – and fly a flock home until you hold seven species or two threes.
- Horse Trading untested Bid for animals, pay in hidden money cards and challenge rivals to blind trades – a bluff with two zeros can win you a whole herd.
- Shared Air untested Several divers, one tank of air – every treasure you carry slows you down and uses up everybody's oxygen. Turn back in time or lose it all.
- Four Fields untested Sow, harvest and stockpile on four fields around the table – and turn the seasons so the harvest you want is never frozen in winter.
- Power Struggle untested Sixteen cards each, poker hands to climb with and coups that beat everything – and the loser has to hand the winner their best card.
- Powder Keg untested Draw a card at the end of every turn and hope it isn't a King – the Kings are powder kegs, and only a bucket of water saves you.
- Temple Gold untested Everyone swears they're an honest adventurer – but somebody wants you to open the chamber with the fire trap.
- Bugami Like Hearts, but everyone picks their own poison – choose the suit you must not take, then dump the others' bugs on them.
- Collusion The talking trick-taker – strike deals to take exactly as many tricks as one other player, and break them when it suits you.
- Monte Bank Two cards from the bottom, two from the top – then the gate shows its suit. The Mexican banking game of the California gold fields.
- Lansquenet Two cards on the table, then turn until one of them is matched – the mercenaries' banking game that Rabelais and Dumas knew.
- Farmer Bid for the farm, then hope nobody draws exactly 16 – the old French banking game of drawing to a number, a century before Twenty-One.
- Speculation Nobody looks at their cards – you buy and sell them instead. The noisy round game from Jane Austen's Mansfield Park.
- Commerce Trade with the banker or barter with your neighbour until someone knocks – the old game of tricons and points, probably the ancestor of Schwimmen.
- Primero (Primiera) Shakespeare's gambling game – four cards, sevens worth 21, and one card of each suit to win the pot.
- Bouillotte (Brelan) The salon game of revolutionary Paris – three cards, one turned card, and your opponents' cards can win the pot for you.
- Ambigu Four cards, two draws and a price on every combination – Louis XIV's "mixed" game, the old French cousin of draw poker.
- Put The English tavern game of ill repute – three cards, Threes beat Aces, and one word, "Put!", can win the whole game.
- Maw King James's favourite game – five cards, five tricks, and the five of trumps, the "five fingers", beats everything.
- Quadrille The 18th century's most fashionable game – call a King to find a secret partner, or play alone with Spadille, Manille and Basto.
- Reversis The grandfather of Hearts – dodge the Aces and face cards, slip the Jack of Hearts onto another suit, or win every trick for the reversis.
- Losing Lodam The 17th-century ancestor of Hearts – dodge the Aces and Tens, and hope your neighbours forget which suit is trumps.
- Catch the Ten (Scotch Whist) Edinburgh's old favourite – the Jack of trumps is top dog, and the whole table hunts the Ten of trumps.
- Scharwenzel The island game of Fehmarn – two sides, the Queen of Clubs on top, and threads and hooks chalked up for every game won.
- Drogue The French soldiers' game of the 1830s – lose, and you wear a wooden peg on your nose until you win it off again.
- Vint Turn the screw of the auction, play without a dummy, score for every trick and honour – Russia's bridge before bridge.
- Noddy (Knave Noddy) Cribbage before the crib – three cards each, fifteens, pairs and runs, and a Jack called Noddy. The race is only to 31.
- Laugh and Lie Down Pair your cards with those on the table until you can't – then lie down while the others laugh. A Tudor game for five.
- My Ship Sails Everyone passes a card to the left at the same time – collect seven cards of one suit and shout "My ship sails!"
- Comet Run the cards up to the King in one long tail, call "without" when you're stuck – and keep the wild Comet for the moment it counts.
- Yaniv Throw sets and runs, draw one card, and call "Yaniv!" the moment your hand is nearly empty – but only if nobody has less.
- Sette e mezzo (Seven and a Half) Italy's Christmas card game – draw towards 7½ without going over, and beat the banker's hand.
- Mauscheln Four cards, one trump, and a pot of chips – say "I'll play!" if you dare to win two tricks, and hope nobody joins you.
- Prší The Czech cousin of Mau-Mau – match suit or rank, stack sevens and Aces, and let a Queen change the suit.
- Machiavelli Italy's rearranging rummy – every card on the table is up for grabs, so break up sets and runs to find room for your hand.
- Scopone Scopa for two teams with every card dealt at the start – count what is gone, read your partner and sweep the table clean.
- Basra Take table cards by matching or by adding up, use a Jack to sweep the floor – and clear it without a Jack for a 10-point basra.
- Guiñote Aragón's partnership game of marriages – draw a card after every trick, sing "forty" with King and Jack of trumps, and race to 101.
- Scala 40 Italy's classic rummy – open with 40 points, add to anyone's melds and go out before the penalty reaches 101.
- Skitgubbe Sweden's classic for three – first hoard good cards by winning tricks, then beat or pick up until only one player is stuck with cards.
- Eleusis The dealer invents a secret rule for which card may follow which – everyone else plays cards, gets told yes or no and works out the rule.
- Pusoy Dos The Philippine cousin of Big Two – beat every play with a higher card or poker hand, with diamonds as the top suit and the 3♣ to start.
- Gong Zhu The Chinese answer to Hearts – dodge the pig and the hearts, chase the sheep, and dare to expose cards to double their worth.